AGF1: Maintain very low density in-field agroforestry on less sensitive land (updated for SFI26)

This is a Sustainable Farming Incentive 2026 ( SFI26 ) action. Read the SFI26 scheme information to understand what you’re required to do under an SFI26 agreement and how to apply.

Select ‘See all updates’ at the start of this page to find out how this action has changed for SFI26 compared with SFI24 .

For SFI24 actions, read the  SFI24 agreement holder’s information .

Duration

3 years

How much you’ll be paid

£248 per hectare ( ha ) per year – the hectarage can include:

the area used to grow agroforestry trees

the areas between the trees, used for arable or horticultural crops, grassland or other eligible environmental land management scheme actions or options

Action’s aim

This action’s aim is that there’s an established very low density in-field agroforestry system that’s maintained, so there’s a combination of both:

trees (including shrubs)

arable or horticultural crops, grassland for forage or areas used for other eligible environmental land management scheme actions or options

The purpose of this is to:

reduce soil erosion and flooding

improve water and air quality

provide shelter for crops and livestock

contribute to carbon capture and storage

Where you can do this action

You can do this action on an eligible in-field agroforestry system on agricultural land located below the moorland line that’s:

land with a ‘low sensitivity to agroforestry’ – these are the blue areas on the Forestry Commission’s map

an eligible land type (as defined in section 5.1.1 ‘Eligible land types’ in the SFI26 scheme information)

registered with an eligible land cover on your digital maps

declared with a land use code which is compatible with the eligible land cover

You cannot do this action on land with a higher sensitivity to agroforestry (these are the white areas on the Forestry Commission’s map ). This includes:

sites of special scientific interest (SSSIs) or other sensitive areas which are listed in the guidance on forestry environmental impact assessments(forestry EIA )

priority habitats such as species-rich grassland – you can find a list of priority habitats on  GOV.UK

Eligible in-field agroforestry systems for this action

To be eligible for this action, the in-field agroforestry system must contain established trees. They can be at any stage of maturity, including newly planted saplings if they’ll be left to become mature trees.

Fruit trees must be grown on semi-vigorous or vigorous rootstocks. These will usually produce trees least 4 metres (m) tall.

The existing in-field agroforestry system must also be ‘very low density’. This means that across the area in each land parcel you enter into this action:

there’s an average of 30 to 50 trees per ha , usually planted in rows or a grid

the trees have been planted far enough apart to mean the potential tree canopy cover will be less than 20%, so a forestry EIA was not required – read the ‘advice to help you do this action’ for more information

Eligible land

Eligible land type Eligible land cover Compatible land use code

Arable land used to grow crops Arable land Land use codes for arable crops or leguminous and nitrogen-fixing crops

Temporary grassland Arable land TG01

Arable land lying fallow Arable land FA01

Improved permanent grassland Permanent grassland PG01

Permanent crops - horticultural Permanent crops TC01

Eligibility of protected land

Sites of special scientific interest (SSSIs): Ineligible – you must not enter any area that’s designated as an SSSI into this action.

Historic and archaeological features: Ineligible – you must not enter any area with an historic or archaeological feature into this action. This only affects the area where the feature is located in a land parcel. You can apply for this action on the remaining area in the land parcel if it’s eligible.

Available area you can enter into this action

Total or part of the available area in a land parcel. It’s your responsibility to check that the area you enter is eligible for this action.

You must do this action on the area entered into your SFI26 agreement. If something happens which means you cannot complete this action on some or all of the  area, you must tell the Rural Payments Agency ( RPA ) in writing as soon as possible. Read section 12.2 ‘What to do if you cannot comply with your agreement’ in the SFI26 scheme information to find out how to do this.

Rotational or static action

This action is static. This means you must do it at the same location each year of this action’s duration.

What to do

You must maintain the very low density in-field agroforestry system in a way that can reasonably be expected to achieve this action’s aim. This includes:

replacing dead trees, where necessary to make sure the density continues to be an average of at least 30 trees per ha across the area you enter into this action in each land parcel

protecting the trees from grazing livestock and pests, such as deer and rabbits, to prevent serious damage

managing weeds around the base of establishing trees

pruning and shaping the trees once they are established

When to do it

You must do this action from its start date, throughout each year of its 3-year duration.

How to do it

It’s up to you how you do this action, as long as you:

follow this action’s requirements – these are identified by a ‘must’

do the action in a way that could reasonably be expected to achieve this action’s aim

You may find it helpful to read the ‘advice to help you do this action’, but it’s not part of this action’s requirements.

Evidence to keep

You must keep evidence to show what you’ve done to complete this action, such as:

field operations at a land parcel level and associated invoices

photographs and other documentation

If it’s not clear that you’ve done this action in a way that could reasonably be expected to achieve its aim, we may ask for this evidence. You must supply the evidence if we ask for it.

Other actions or options you can do on the same area as this action

You can do the following actions or options on the same area in a land parcel as this action.

Scheme Action or option codes

SFI 2026 actions AHW10, AHW11, AHW3, AHW6, AHW7, AHW8, AHW9, BFS1, CAHL1, CAHL2, CAHL3, CAHL4, CIGL1, CIGL2, CIGL3, CIPM2, CIPM3, CIPM4, CLIG3, CNUM2, CNUM3, CSAM2, CSAM3, OFC1, OFC3, OFC4, OFM1, OFM4, OFM5, PRF1, PRF2, PRF4, SOH1, SOH3, WBD3, WBD4, WBD6, WBD7

SFI 2024 actions AHW1, AHW10, AHW11, AHW12, AHW3, AHW6, AHW7, AHW8, AHW9, BFS1, BFS2, BFS3, CAHL1, CAHL2, CAHL3, CAHL4, CIGL1, CIGL2, CIGL3, CIPM1, CIPM2, CIPM3, CIPM4, CLIG3, CNUM1, CNUM2, CNUM3, CSAM1, CSAM2, CSAM3, HEF8, OFA1, OFA6, OFC1, OFC3, OFC4, OFM1, OFM4, OFM5, PRF1, PRF2, PRF3, PRF4, SOH1, SOH2, SOH3, SOH4, WBD3, WBD4, WBD5, WBD6, WBD7, WBD8

SFI 2023 actions AHL1, AHL2, AHL3, AHL4, IGL1, IGL2, IGL3, IPM1, IPM2, IPM3, IPM4, LIG1, LIG2, NUM1, NUM2, NUM3, SAM1, SAM2, SAM3

CSHT actions from 2025 CAB10, CAB11, CAB14, CAB16, CAB17, CAB18, CAB19, CAB2, CAB6, CAB7, CGS21, CGS4, CPAC1, CSP13, CSP14, CSP15, CSP20, CSP21, CSP9, CSW13, CSW15, CSW21, CSW23, CSW24, CSW7, CSW8, CWD3, CWS1, CWS3, CWT1, CWT2

CS options AB1, AB10, AB11, AB14, AB15, AB16, AB2, AB3, AB6, AB7, AB8, AB9, GS2, GS3, GS4, GS5, HS6, OP1, OP2, OP4, OP5, OR1, OR3, OR4, OT1, OT3, OT4, SW1, SW10, SW13, SW15, SW16, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, SW6, SW7, SW8, SW9, WD3, WT1, WT2

ES options No ES revenue options

If an action or option cannot be located on the same area, you may be able to do it on a different area in the same land parcel. Read section 5.6 ‘Land that’s already in other funding schemes or grants’ in the SFI26 scheme information for more details.

You can do the following actions or options on the eligible boundaries of a land parcel entered into this action:

SFI 2026 actions: CHRW2, BND1, BND2 and WBD2

SFI 2024 actions: CHRW1, CHRW2, CHRW3, BND1, BND2 and WBD2

SFI 2023 actions: HRW1, HRW2, HRW3

CSHT actions: CHRW4

CS options: BE3 (management of hedgerows)

Advice to help you do this action

The following advice may help you to do this action, but it’s not part of this action’s requirements.

Planning your agroforestry system

If you have not already planted your agroforestry system, before you establish your trees and apply for this action you can plan:

which planting pattern best suits the purpose of your trees and your agricultural system – for example, designing a silvoarable system to allow space for arable operations

how you’ll manage the land underneath the trees, particularly if you’re doing other  SFI  actions on that land

which tree species are best to use with your crops and livestock – for example, if there will be competition for light and nutrients

potential benefits of your agroforestry system, such as shade, shelter and forage

potential issues, such as toxic berries or seeds

the water requirements of your trees and any effects your trees may have on local hydrology

You may want to consider applying for the capital item to help you plan your agroforestry system (PA4). Read the guidance on funding and grants for agroforestry for more information.

Tree spacing: forestry EIAs

This action requires that the trees in your existing agroforestry system are spaced in a way that means you do not need to apply for a forestry  EIA  (under ‘Where you can do this action’).

A forestry  EIA  is required if you plant trees on 0.5ha or more agricultural land in a way which could create ‘woodland’. The  UK Forestry Standard  defines woodland as ‘land that is predominantly covered in trees, with a canopy cover of at least 20%’.

You do not need to apply for a forestry  EIA  if you’ve planted the trees in your agroforestry system far enough apart, so the canopy cover is less than 20%. This will usually be the case if you’ve planted them in either:

a grid pattern, with the trees at least 15m apart

rows (including alleys) that are between 24m and 45m apart, with the trees 3m apart in each row

Read the  guidance on forestry EIAs  for more information.

Managing your agroforestry system: agriculture EIAs

Check if you need an agriculture  EIA  ‘screening decision’ from Natural England if how you’ll manage your agroforestry system will:

increase the productivity of uncultivated land or semi-natural areas

add, remove, move or change the nature of a field boundary

add, remove of distribute earth or other material

Read the guidance on agriculture EIAs for more information.

Maintaining your agroforestry system

The trees in your agroforestry system may be damaged by how you manage the land around the tree. This is because the root system of your trees will usually:

be quite shallow, with the majority of roots in the top 60 centimetres (cm) of the soil

spread beyond the tree’s crown

To help protect the root system, you can avoid disturbing the soil within a suitable radius from the trees (a ‘root protection area’). For example, this would be a 1.5m radius from the tree for 3m wide strips of planting. Read the Woodland Trust’s guidance on  root protection areas  for more information.

Activities which could disturb the soil around the trees include:

ploughing

harrowing

poaching by grazing livestock

When you prune and shape the trees once they are established, you may want to consider doing this in a way that means:

competition for light is managed

you can access between the trees with machinery

the trees’ yield of fruit, nuts and forage, as relevant, is optimised

there’s a balanced tree shape and strong branches to support the fruit or nut crop

You can manage your agroforestry system for timber by early pruning and then high pruning later on. This will help you achieve a branch free clear stem of 3m to 5m from the base of the tree, which can improve the quality of timber.

For detailed guidance on maintaining your agroforestry system, read the  Soil Association’s Agroforestry Handbook .

How to increase biodiversity in your agroforestry system

Agroforestry can benefit integrated pest management by providing habitat for natural predators.

To increase biodiversity in your agroforestry system, you can consider planting:

wildflower strips on the areas between the trees

flower rich mixes in the understorey which are left uncut

cover crops or herbal leys within the cropping alley, between the tree rows

There are several  SFI26  actions that you can do between the trees to increase biodiversity. You can find these  SFI  actions under ‘Other actions or options you can do on the same area as this action’. For example:

CIPM2: Flower-rich grass margins, blocks or in-field strips

CAHL1: Pollen and nectar flower mix

CSAM3: Herbal leys

Eligible in-field agroforestry systems for this action

To be eligible for this action, the in-field agroforestry system must contain established trees. They can be at any stage of maturity, including newly planted saplings if they’ll be left to become mature trees.

Fruit trees must be grown on semi-vigorous or vigorous rootstocks. These will usually produce trees least 4 metres (m) tall.

The existing in-field agroforestry system must also be ‘very low density’. This means that across the area in each land parcel you enter into this action:

there’s an average of 30 to 50 trees per ha , usually planted in rows or a grid

the trees have been planted far enough apart to mean the potential tree canopy cover will be less than 20%, so a forestry EIA was not required – read the ‘advice to help you do this action’ for more information